The Ankle Joint

The Joint The ankle joint is a synovial hinge joint located in the lower limb.  It is formed by the bones of the leg, the tibia and fibula, and the talus of the foot.  The tibia and fibula are bound together by strong ligaments and together they form a bracket shaped socket known as a […]

The Shoulder

The Shoulder

Anatomy of the Shoulder The shoulder is made up of three bones, the scapula or the shoulder blade, the clavicle or the collar bone and the humerus or the bone in the upper arm. These bones are joined with two joints. These joints are the acromioclavicular (AC) joint and the glenohumeral joint which is the […]

Chondromalacia Patella

The Knee

Chondromalacia literally means softening of the cartilage, and patella means knee cap. Chondromalacia patella means softening of the articular cartilage of the knee cap.  The articular cartilage is the cartilage lining under the knee cap that articulates with the knee joint. Normally, it is smooth and shiny, so that it glides smoothly along the articular […]